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Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Power- Operated Window, Partition, and Roof Panel Systems. AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, DOT. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: This final rule amends our standard for power- operated. The purpose of this. There are simple, effective and inexpensive manufacturing solutions that. Vehicle. manufacturers could comply by shielding or recessing their switches or by.
Although they need not do so, manufacturers may choose instead to address. Manufacturers that.
In this document, the agency is also denying two petitions for rulemaking. DATES: Effective Date: The amendment made in this final. November 1. 5, 2. Compliance Date: This final rule becomes mandatory for all vehicles.
U. S. Voluntary. compliance is permitted before that date. Petitions: If you wish to submit a petition for reconsideration. November 1, 2. 00. ADDRESSES: Petitions for reconsideration should refer to the docket. Administrator, Room 5. National Highway.
Traffic Safety Administration, 4. Seventh Street, S. W., Washington, D. C. 2. 05. 90. See the Supplementary Information portion of this document (Section X. Rulemaking Analyses and Notice) for DOT's Privacy Act Statement regarding. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For non- legal issues, you may call Mr.
Michael Pyne, Office of Crash Avoidance. Standards (Telephone: 2. Fax: 2. 02- 3. 66- 4. For legal issues, you may call Mr. Eric Stas, Office of the. Chief Counsel (Telephone: 2. Fax: 2. 02- 3. 66- 3.
You may send mail to these officials at National Highway Traffic. Safety Administration, 4. Seventh Street, S. W., Washington, D. C. 2. 05. 90. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Table of Contents Executive Summary Background Requirements of FMVSS No. Power Window Switches in Motor Vehicles Petitions for Rulemaking The Moore Petition The Little Petition Center for Auto Safety Petition Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Public Comments The NPRM Public Comments on the NPRM Post- Comment Period Developments Summary of the Safety Problem The Final Rule Decision to Move to Final Rule Summary of the Requirements Effectiveness of New Switch Requirements Test Device and Methodology Orientation and Placement of Switches Automatic Reversal Denial of Petitions for Rulemaking Methods of Compliance Lead Time and Compliance Date Benefits Costs Rulemaking Analyses and Notices. I. 1. 18, Power- Operated.
Window, Partition, and Roof Panel Systems, to add a requirement for. Although these power window incidents.
These tragic incidents continued to occur despite other safeguards in the. S4 that power windows will only operate. In the accidental actuation incidents for which the type of switch. Rocker and toggle. Accordingly, the agency has decided to amend FMVSS No. S6, specifying that power window switches in new. The test device. is a hemisphere with a smooth, rigid surface and a radius of 2.
When the test device is applied with a force not to exceed 1. Newtons. (3. 0 lbs.) to any switch or the housing surrounding a switch that can be used. The accidental actuation test in S6 does not apply to switches. In addition. they do not apply to power- operated systems that meet the automatic reversal. S5 of the Standard.
We note that while a number of vehicles. S5. We. estimate that, on average, at least one child fatality and one serious injury. The agency believes that this estimate.
If further information. There are simple, effective, and inexpensive manufacturing solutions that. Vehicle. manufacturers could comply by shielding or recessing their switches or by. Many vehicles already. Although they need not do so, manufacturers may choose to address the problem. Manufacturers need not comply with the.
All new light vehicles produced on or after October 1, 2. U. S. The agency believes that this four- year lead time will.
As a result, the cost. Further, this document denies two petitions for rulemaking requesting that. S5 in all new vehicles. We have reached this decision.
Further, while. the cost of better switches will be negligible, the cost of automatic reversal. II. 1. 18. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) No. Power- Operated. Window, Partition, and Roof Panel Systems, regulates power- operated. As. a matter of particular concern, the standard addresses the threat to unsupervised.
The standard applies to passenger cars, multipurpose passenger. GVWR) of 4,5. 36. When the standard was first adopted, it required that activation. The standard. prohibited activation of power windows unless the vehicle's ignition was. The agency presumed. Since its initial adoption, FMVSS No.
For example, the standard has been amended to permit power. S4 of FMVSS No. 1. In the most recent rulemaking, which was in 1. NHTSA responded to the. FR 1. 52. 90 (April 1. When amending the standard, the. Therefore. to help ensure the proximity of a supervising person, the agency amended.
A longer range, up to 1. Another condition enumerated in section S4 allows power windows to operate. Another condition allows windows to close by use. Windows are also permitted. Section S5 makes an exception to the allowable conditions for. S4 if the vehicle is equipped with. In adopting this exception, the agency reasoned.
Therefore, the agency established a provision permitting. It. also permitted remote controls of unrestricted range, as well as new products. However, we note here that the present rulemaking action was.
The. complete success of the earlier safeguards is dependent on children not being. However. power window injuries and fatalities are occurring in cases where children. These tragic injuries. Power Window Switches in Motor Vehicles. Prior to the amendments contained in this final rule, FMVSS.
No. 1. 18 has not regulated the switches provided in motor vehicle occupant. In vehicles equipped with power. Power. windows with toggle switches are similarly susceptible to inadvertent actuation.
In contrast, power windows operated by push- pull (fishhook- style). Only by actively pulling upwards.
Protection from inadvertent actuation of power windows also. For example. a rocker switch that is set into a recess on a vertical door panel is inherently.
Likewise. console- mounted switches for sunroofs are very susceptible to inadvertent. III. First. the petitioner asked the agency to require that all power windows be equipped. In his petition, Mr. Moore stated that automatic reversal technology. The. petitioner further stated that, while it was difficult to determine the magnitude. However, the agency denied that request primarily because of.
Second, the petitioner requested that the agency modify FMVSS. No. 1. 18 to prevent the inadvertent closure of power windows by requiring. Moore asked that manufacturers. The petitioner argued that such a requirement would. NHTSA granted that portion of the Moore petition related to.
Accordingly, the agency initiated rulemaking. The Little Petition.
On January 1. 3, 2. David W. Little, an attorney in Oklahoma. City, Oklahoma, submitted a petition for rulemaking. Little represented the families of five victims of power. Zoie Foundation. The. Little petition sought to amend FMVSS No.
U. S. In addition, the petitioner provided. NHTSA's public docket, and manufacturers' information. Brose and Omron). The. Little petition also included a listing of consumer complaints through February. NHTSA's Office of Defects Investigation (ODI) database, which reported. These complaints included.
We decided to address the Little petition in this document. The Center for Auto Safety Petition. On August 1. 9, 2. Center for Auto Safety (CAS), Public Citizen, Kids and Cars, Advocates. Highway and Automotive Safety, the Consumer Federation of America, Consumers. Auto Reliability and Safety, the Zoie Foundation, and the Trauma Foundation.
In its petition, CAS stated, . CAS provided data indicating that power window installations. North American- produced vehicles numbered 1. In support of its requests, CAS mentioned a 1. NHTSA technical. report that extrapolated from 1. The report found that most of these injuries were.
The CAS petition also argued that with an automatic reversal system in. Petitioners. provided the example of three child fatalities associated with a defect case.
Model Year 1. 98. Jeep Wagoneers, which, in certain cases, the. The CAS petition argued that injuries and fatalities. Wagoneer cases could have been prevented, had the vehicles been equipped. The CAS petition also suggested that other power- operated features, such as.
Accordingly. CAS and the other petitioners urged NHTSA to be proactive in this area by. In addition, the CAS petition argued that automatic reversal. The petition cited a letter from Nartron.
CAS petition analogized the technology for power window automatic reversal. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) has required. CAS stated that the. CPSC standard was later upgraded in 1.
As noted previously, in the NPRM, the agency denied the Moore. NHTSA concluded that such a requirement would. The reasoning for the agency's denial of the request for an. NPRM (see 6. 1. FR 5. However, the agency decided to grant the petitioner's request. FMVSS No. 1. 18 in other ways (e.
At the time of the NPRM, NHTSA recognized the potential. Moore petition and had collected a number of. In light of the. anticipated safety benefits associated with remedying this problem, NHTSA. NPRM proposing new switch requirements.
Specifically. the agency proposed that if a switch used to close a power- operated window. A 2. 5 mm (1 inch) ball was considered. The agency proposed this amendment for several reasons, as. NPRM. First, the agency stated its belief that the proposed. The information. available to NHTSA demonstrated that such injuries were occurring, and children's.
Further, the agency expressed its belief in the NPRM that the. The required switch modifications could be achieved merely.
In. addition, the agency noted in the NPRM that several major vehicle manufacturers. Public Comments on the NPRMOverview. Comments on the NPRM were received from 1. Commenters opposing the proposed amendment claimed that the.